1. Field drug spraying and fertilization

Compared with the traditional pesticide spraying operation mode, the plant protection UAV can achieve automatic quantitative, accurate control and low spraying of pesticides, and the operation efficiency is 8 times that of the overhead spray.

The downwind generated by the rotor when the UAV sprays drugs helps to increase the penetration of drugs to crops, saving 30%~50% of pesticides, 90% of water consumption, and reducing the pollution of pesticides to soil and environment. In addition, unmanned aerial vehicles can also get twice the result with half the effort.

2. Farmland irrigation

In the process of crop growth, farmers must know, master and adjust the most appropriate soil moisture to maintain crop growth anytime and anywhere. The multi axis UAV is used to fly over the field to inspect and observe the different color changes of farmland soil with different humidity, so that we can understand and master the changes of soil moisture with different humidity. At this time, we need to make a set of digital atlas according to the different colors of farmland soil with different humidity and store it in the database for future use. In this way, the information obtained from aerial sampling of multi axis UAV can be identified and compared with the information stored in the database to solve the problem of scientific and reasonable irrigation water.

In addition, the multi axis UAV can also be used to observe the withering phenomenon of plant leaves, leaf stems and young shoots caused by the lack of soil moisture in the farmland as a reference to determine whether crops need irrigation and watering, so as to achieve the purpose of scientific irrigation and water conservation.

3. Crop sowing

UAV seeding has the advantages of uniform seeding density, large operating range, stable performance, etc., but it needs to overcome the problems of cumbersome preliminary preparations and low efficiency. On December 1, 2017, DroneSeed, an agricultural seeding UAV brand headquartered in Seattle, USA, received a new round of financing of more than 5 million dollars. Recently, China has also begun to explore the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for seeding.

4. Farmland information monitoring

UAV farmland information monitoring mainly includes disease and insect monitoring, irrigation monitoring and crop growth monitoring. It is to fully and comprehensively understand the growth environment, cycle and other indicators of crops from aerial photos and camera data through aerial photography of large areas of farmland and land using spatial information technology mainly based on remote sensing technology. From irrigation to soil variation, to diseases and insect pests and bacterial invasion that cannot be found by the naked eye, point out the problem areas, so that farmers can better conduct field management.

UAV farmland information monitoring has the advantages of large scope, strong timeliness and objectivity and accuracy, which can not be achieved by conventional monitoring means.

5. Agricultural insurance survey

It is inevitable that crops will be attacked by natural disasters during the growth process, which will damage farmers. For farmers with small areas of crops, it is not difficult to survey the affected areas. However, when large areas of crops are subject to natural damage, the workload of crop survey and loss assessment is huge, and the most difficult problem to accurately define is the area of loss. In order to measure the actual disaster area more effectively, the agricultural insurance company conducts agricultural insurance disaster loss survey and applies UAV to agricultural insurance compensation.

UAV has the technical characteristics of mobiles and fast response, high-resolution image and high-precision positioning data acquisition, application expansion of multiple mission equipment, convenient system maintenance, etc., which can efficiently carry out disaster assessment tasks. By acquiring data through aerial survey, post-processing and technical analysis of aerial photos, and comparing and correcting with the field measurement results, insurance companies can more accurately determine the actual disaster area.

The UAV damage assessment has solved the problems of difficult survey and loss assessment and lack of timeliness in agricultural insurance compensation, greatly improved the speed of exploration work, saved a lot of manpower and material resources, and ensured the accuracy of farmland compensation survey while improving efficiency.

6. Forest resource survey and desertification monitoring

The method of determining the shape, size and locations of ground objects by using aerial forest photos, referred to as forest aerial survey, is mainly used in forest resource survey and desertification monitoring, and is an important branch of aerial photogrammetry.

At present, the remote sensing system of satellite photos is widely used in the large-scale forest resources review. The cost of satellite remote sensing system is high, but the resolution is low, which leads to the fact that the photos cannot accurately reflect the terrain and landform, and are vulnerable to the impact of clouds, so that the terrain and landform are blocked and lose their usefulness. In order to obtain usable photos, the staff need to repeatedly take and splice photos of a region, which leads to a long time and high cost, which is not conducive to popularization and application.

The application of UAV operation can effectively reduce the workload of field operation, greatly improve the working conditions, and improve the speed and accuracy of mapping. The unmanned airborne infrared camera and camera system can accurately cover the infrared color photos taken, detect the areas where forest resources change, and organize large-scale forest aerial photography for these areas, which can improve the efficiency of aerial photography.

7. Forest pest monitoring and control

Due to climate and human factors, forest diseases and insect pests show a trend of increasing frequency, degree, area and species of dangerous forest pests. Compared with the previous manual spraying of pesticides, the level of monitoring and early warning, quarantine and disaster prevention and reduction of forestry pests can be effectively improved through UAV spraying and monitoring, and the occurrence of forestry pests can be prevented and controlled.

8. Forest fire monitoring and management

The application of UAV to monitor forest fire is a comprehensive application of GPS technology, digital image transmission technology and other high-tech technologies in forest fire prevention. Especially when the forest fire occurs, the visibility above the fire site is extremely low. Even if the manned aircraft arrives above the fire site, the observer cannot observe the ground fire site in detail. In this case, there is a high potential safety hazard in flight. The UAV can overcome this shortage of manned aircraft, and can carry out fire detection and fire detection tasks at any time by carrying camera equipment and image transmission equipment.

The UAV can survey the forest area in the air all day long, find the fire in time, report the fire locations, take action to eliminate the fire at the initial stage, equip the color CCD mission payload, and conduct air patrol on the forest area according to the scheduled track. Focus on early detection of forest fire in remote areas that cannot be considered by ground patrol, and accurate grasp and timely understanding of various dynamic information of major forest fire sites. At the same time, it can solve the problems such as the inability to navigate at night due to aircraft patrol and the inability to fly due to reduced visibility caused by smoke. As a powerful supplement to the current forestry monitoring means, UAVs show incomparable advantages.

9. Forest fire rescue

At present, many new technologies and equipment have been used in forest fire prevention abroad, and the domestic demand for application in this area is also increasing. The investment in forest protection has gradually increased, and satellites have been successively used for resource survey and forest fire monitoring, while the use of UAV system for forest fire monitoring is still in the initial stage.

In short, UAV remote sensing technology effectively combines UAV technology with remote sensing technology. Its main technical contents include unmanned flight technology, remote sensing and telecontrol technology, remote sensing sensor technology, communication technology, remote sensing application technology and GPS differential positioning technology. This is a relatively comprehensive technology, which can quickly investigate the forest fire situation in China, And grasp the corresponding information and data to prevent the occurrence of forest fires or for forest fire rescue.

10. Artificial precipitation enhancement

UAV has the characteristics of simple use, good mobility, easy delivery, and no risk of personnel safety, which is particularly suitable for artificial rain enhancement in forest operations. The UAV can carry 10 rain enhancement flame strips, which are attached between the belly and the landing gear through the pylon. The ignition of a flame strip in flight is controlled by the ground remote control, and whether the flame strip has been ignited is displayed through the telemetering information. Multiple smoke tubes can be ignited at the same time according to the actual situation each time.

According to the relationship between the amount of silver iodide released by manned aircraft in artificial rainfall operation and the operation area, the silver iodide content of 10 rain enhancement flame strips can meet the requirements of 100 square kilometers of artificial rainfall operation area.